Blast furnace is the key equipment for ironmaking, and blast furnace ironmaking is now the conventional ironmaking process used worldwide. The blast furnace body is divided into 5 parts from top to bottom: furnace throat, furnace body, furnace waist, furnace belly and furnace cylinder. The temperature of each part of the furnace is: the bottom of the furnace is generally 1,450 ~ 1,500 ℃, the furnace cylinder parts, especially the wind mouth area of 1,700 ~ 2,000 ℃, the furnace belly, the furnace waist area of 1,400 ~ 1,600 ℃, the furnace on the upper part of the body for 600 ~ 800 ℃.
With the continuous improvement of the technology of blast furnace smelting, the requirements for refractory materials are also higher, the study of the blast furnace refractory materials are easy to break more and more demanding, the blast furnace refractory materials should also meet the requirements of blast furnace smelting. Blast furnace design selection of refractory materials should focus on reasonable structure, appropriate material selection, configuration optimization. The refractory lining of each part of the blast furnace should be compatible with the intensity of heat flow in each part, in order to maintain the integrity and stability of the lining under the impact of the strong heat flow, and the refractory lining of each part of the blast furnace should be compatible with the erosion and damage mechanism of each part, i.e., abrasion of the charge, scouring of gas, erosion of alkali metal, and melting of slag and iron, to alleviate the rate of lining breakage and to realize the purpose of the long-life of the blast furnace.
